WORKLIST ENTRIES (1):
INTERLEUKIN8 View alignment View Structure Interleukin-8 signature
Type of fingerprint: COMPOUND with 4 elements
Links:
PRINTS; PR00264 INTERLEUKIN1; PR00265 INTERLEUKIN2; PR00430 INTERLEUKIN3
PRINTS; PR00431 INTERLEUKIN4; PR00432 INTERLEUKIN5; PR00434 INTERLEUKIN6
PRINTS; PR00435 INTERLEUKIN7; PR01926 INTERLEUKIN9; PR01294 INTRLEUKIN10
PRINTS; PR01927 INTRLEUKIN11; PR01928 INTRLEUKN12B; PR01929 INTRLEUKIN13
PRINTS; PR01930 INTRLEUKIN15; PR01931 INTRLEUKIN16; PR01932 INTRLEUKIN17
PRINTS; PR01933 INTRLEUKIN18; PR01934 INTRLEUKIN19; PR01935 INTRLEUKIN20
PRINTS; PR01936 INTRLEUKIN22; PR01937 INTRLEUKIN24; PR01938 INTRLEUKIN34
PRINTS; PR00433 IL6GCSFMGF; PR00437 SMALLCYTKCXC
INTERPRO; IPR002473
PROSITE; PS00471 SMALL_CYTOKINES_CXC
PDB; 1IL8 3Dinfo
SCOP; 1IL8
Creation date 12-DEC-1995; UPDATE 19-JUN-1999
1. BAGGIOLINI, M. AND CLARK-LEWIS, I.
Interleukin-8, a chemotactic and inflammatory cytokine.
FEBS LETT. 307 97-101 (1992).
2. VAN DAMME, J., VAN BEEUMEN, J., CONINGS, R., DECOCK, B. AND BILLIAU, A.
Purification of granulocyte chemotactic peptide/interleukin-8 reveals
N-terminal sequence heterogeneity similar to that of beta-thromboglobulin.
EUR.J.BIOCHEM. 181 337-344 (1989).
3. CLORE, G.M., APPELLA, E., YAMADA, M., MATSUSHIMA, K. AND GRONENBORN, A.M.
Three-dimensional structure of interleukin 8 in solution.
BIOCHEMISTRY 29 1689-1696 (1990).
The accumulation of neutrophil leukocytes in tissues is a major event in
inflammation, a defensive reaction in response to injury or infection [1].
Neutrophils are drawn in from the blood by chemotactic signals that
direct their migration to the affected site [1]. Interleukin-8 (IL8) is one
such chemotactic protein: it is released by phagocytes, mesenchymal cells
and a wide variety of tissue cells, upon exposure to inflammation [1]; and
it acts as a neutrophil-activating cytokine, inducing chemotaxis, exo-
cytosis, and the respiratory burst [1].
IL8 contains 4 cysteines, the first 2 separated by a single amino acid: as
such, it is a member of the intercrine alpha family (also known as small
cytokine CxC or chemokine CxC), a group of low molecular weight proteins
that induce various cells in response to a variety of stimuli [1]. The
mature protein is produced by cleavage of an N-terminal signal sequence
[1,2], and exists in vivo as a homodimer [1,3].
Each monomer has a short, conformationally-flexible N-terminal domain,
anchored by 2 disulphide bonds to a core fold containing a 3-stranded
anti-parallel beta-sheet and a C-terminal alpha-helix [1]. The dimer
has 2 alpha-helices (one from each monomer) lying atop a 6-stranded
anti-parallel beta-sheet platform [3]. The 2 helices may form the binding
site for the cellular receptor, and specificity for IL8, or other family
members, may be achieved by the distinct distribution of charged and polar
residues at the surface of the helices [3].
INTERLEUKIN8 is a 4-element fingerprint that provides a signature for the
interleukin-8 cytokines. The fingerprint was derived from an initial
alignment of 5 sequences: the motifs were drawn from conserved regions
spanning the full alignment length - motif 1 encodes the signal sequence;
motif 2 lies in the flexible N-terminal region; motif 3 spans the first and
second beta-strands; and motif 4 spans the third beta-strand and the
C-terminal helix (motifs 2-4 include the region encoded by PROSITE pattern
SMALL_CYTOKINES_CXC (PS00471)). Two iterations on OWL26.3 were required to
reach convergence, at which point a true set comprising 10 sequences was
identified. Twenty partial matches were also found, all of which are
small CxC cytokines, which lack the N-terminal signal sequence.
An update on SPTR37_9f identified a true set of 31 sequences, and 11
partial matches.
SUMMARY INFORMATION
31 codes involving 4 elements
7 codes involving 3 elements
4 codes involving 2 elements
COMPOSITE FINGERPRINT INDEX
4| 31 31 31 31
3| 1 7 7 6
2| 0 1 4 3
--+---------------------
| 1 2 3 4
True positives..
GRO2_RABIT GROB_BOVIN GRO_CRIGR GROA_BOVIN
O46678 MI2A_HUMAN MI2B_HUMAN GRO_HUMAN
MIP2_MOUSE GRO_MOUSE IL8_SHEEP MIP2_RAT
GRO_RAT IL8_PIG IL8_CERTO IL8_CANFA
IL8_BOVIN MI2B_RAT IL8_MACMU IL8_HUMAN
IL8_RABIT AMC2_PIG GRO_CAVPO PF4L_HUMAN
EN78_HUMAN GCP2_HUMAN LIX_MOUSE LIX_RAT
EMF1_CHICK IL8_CAVPO PF4L_PIG
Subfamily: Codes involving 3 elements
Subfamily True positives..
GROG_BOVIN GCP2_BOVIN O73912 PLF4_PIG
PLF4_BOVIN MIG_HUMAN MIG_MOUSE
Subfamily: Codes involving 2 elements
Subfamily True positives..
MI2A_RAT O93442 PLF4_SHEEP
PROTEIN TITLES
GRO2_RABIT GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN HOMOLOG PRECURSOR (GRO HOMOLOG) - O
GROB_BOVIN GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN HOMOLOG BETA PRECURSOR (GRO-BETA) -
GRO_CRIGR GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN PRECURSOR - CRICETULUS GRISEUS (CHI
GROA_BOVIN GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN HOMOLOG ALPHA PRECURSOR (GRO-ALPHA)
O46678 GRO - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP).
MI2A_HUMAN MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN-2-ALPHA PRECURSOR (MIP2-ALPH
MI2B_HUMAN MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN-2-BETA PRECURSOR (MIP2-BETA)
GRO_HUMAN GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN PRECURSOR (MELANOMA GROWTH STIMULAT
MIP2_MOUSE MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN 2 PRECURSOR (MIP2) - MUS MUS
GRO_MOUSE GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN PRECURSOR (PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH
IL8_SHEEP INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP).
MIP2_RAT MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN 2 PRECURSOR (MIP2) (CINC-3)
GRO_RAT GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN PRECURSOR (CYTOKINE-INDUCED NEUTROP
IL8_PIG INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) (ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE CHEMOTAC
IL8_CERTO INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) - CERCOCEBUS TORQUATUS ATYS (
IL8_CANFA INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) - CANIS FAMILIARIS (DOG).
IL8_BOVIN INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) - BOS TAURUS (BOVINE).
MI2B_RAT MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN-2-BETA PRECURSOR (MIP2-BETA)
IL8_MACMU INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) - MACACA MULATTA (RHESUS MACA
IL8_HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) (MONOCYTE-DERIVED NEUTROPHIL
IL8_RABIT INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) (NEUTROPHIL ATTRACTANT/ACTIVA
AMC2_PIG ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE CHEMOTACTIC FACTOR II PRECURSOR (AMCF-II
GRO_CAVPO GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN PRECURSOR - CAVIA PORCELLUS (GUINEA
PF4L_HUMAN PLATELET BASIC PROTEIN PRECURSOR (PBP) [CONTAINS: CONNECTIVE
EN78_HUMAN NEUTROPHIL ACTIVATING PROTEIN ENA-78 PRECURSOR - HOMO SAPIEN
GCP2_HUMAN GRANULOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 2 PRECURSOR (GCP-2) - HOMO S
LIX_MOUSE CYTOKINE LIX PRECURSOR - MUS MUSCULUS (MOUSE).
LIX_RAT CYTOKINE LIX PRECURSOR - RATTUS NORVEGICUS (RAT).
EMF1_CHICK EMBRYO FIBROBLAST PROTEIN 1 PRECURSOR (EMF-1) (9E3) (CEF-4)
IL8_CAVPO INTERLEUKIN-8 PRECURSOR (IL-8) (NEUTROPHIL ATTRACTANT PROTEI
PF4L_PIG PLATELET BASIC PROTEIN PRECURSOR (PBP) - SUS SCROFA (PIG).
GROG_BOVIN GROWTH REGULATED PROTEIN HOMOLOG GAMMA PRECURSOR (GRO-GAMMA)
GCP2_BOVIN GRANULOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 2 (GCP-2) - BOS TAURUS (BOVI
O73912 K60 PROTEIN PRECURSOR - GALLUS GALLUS (CHICKEN).
PLF4_PIG PLATELET FACTOR 4 (PF-4) - SUS SCROFA (PIG).
PLF4_BOVIN PLATELET FACTOR 4 (PF-4) - BOS TAURUS (BOVINE).
MIG_HUMAN GAMMA INTERFERON INDUCED MONOKINE PRECURSOR (MIG) - HOMO SAP
MIG_MOUSE GAMMA INTERFERON INDUCED MONOKINE PRECURSOR (MIG) (M119) - M
MI2A_RAT MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN-2-ALPHA (MIP2-ALPHA) (CINC-2
O93442 LFCA-1 PROTEIN PRECURSOR - LAMPETRA FLUVIATILIS (RIVER LAMPR
PLF4_SHEEP PLATELET FACTOR 4 (PF-4) - OVIS ARIES (SHEEP).
SCAN HISTORY
OWL26_3 2 100 NSINGLE
SPTR37_9f 8 110 NSINGLE
INITIAL MOTIF SETS
INTERLEUKIN81 Length of motif = 24 Motif number = 1
Interleukin-8 motif I - 1
PCODE ST INT
TSKLAVALLAAFLLSAALCEAAVL IL8_SHEEP 2 2
TSKLAVALLAAFVLSAALCEAAVL IL8_CANFA 2 2
TSKLAVAFLAVFLLSAALCEAAVL IL8_PIG 2 2
TSKLAVALLAAFLISAALCEGAVL IL8_HUMAN 2 2
NSKLAVALLATFLLSLTLCEAAVL IL8_RABIT 2 2
INTERLEUKIN82 Length of motif = 24 Motif number = 2
Interleukin-8 motif II - 1
PCODE ST INT
SRMSTELRCQCIKTHSTPFHPKFI IL8_SHEEP 26 0
SRVSSELRCQCIKTHSTPFHPKYI IL8_CANFA 26 0
ARVSAELRCQCINTHSTPFHPKFI IL8_PIG 26 0
PRSAKELRCQCIKTYSKPFHPKFI IL8_HUMAN 26 0
TRIGTELRCQCIKTHSTPFHPKFI IL8_RABIT 26 0
INTERLEUKIN83 Length of motif = 24 Motif number = 3
Interleukin-8 motif III - 1
PCODE ST INT
KELRVIESGPHCENSEIIVKLTNG IL8_SHEEP 50 0
KELRVIDSGPHCENSEIIVKLFNG IL8_CANFA 50 0
KELRVIESGPHCENSEIIVKLVNG IL8_PIG 50 0
KELRVIESGPHCANTEIIVKLSDG IL8_HUMAN 50 0
KELRVIESGPHCANSEIIVKLVDG IL8_RABIT 50 0
INTERLEUKIN84 Length of motif = 24 Motif number = 4
Interleukin-8 motif IV - 1
PCODE ST INT
KEVCLDPKEKWVQKVVQAFLKRAE IL8_SHEEP 74 0
NEVCLDPKEKWVQKVVQIFLKKAE IL8_CANFA 74 0
KEVCLDPKEKWVQKVVQIFLKRTE IL8_PIG 74 0
RELCLDPKENWVQRVVEKFLKRAE IL8_HUMAN 74 0
RELCLDPKEKWVQKVVQIFLKRAE IL8_RABIT 74 0
FINAL MOTIF SETS
INTERLEUKIN81 Length of motif = 24 Motif number = 1
Interleukin-8 motif I - 8
PCODE ST INT
APRLLRAALLLLLLVAAGRRAAGA GRO2_RABIT 9 9
APRLLRAAMLLLLLVAAGRRAAGA GROB_BOVIN 9 9
TRSLLRAPLLLLLLLLATSRLATG GRO_CRIGR 5 5
APRLLRAAMLFLLLVAAGRRAAGA GROA_BOVIN 9 9
APRLLGAAMLLLLLVAAGRRAAGA O46678 8 8
NPRLLRVALLLLLLVAASRRAAGA MI2A_HUMAN 12 12
NPRLLRVALLLLLLVAASRRAAGA MI2B_HUMAN 12 12
NPRLLRVALLLLLLVAAGRRAAGA GRO_HUMAN 12 12
TCRLLSAALVLLLLLATNHQATGA MIP2_MOUSE 5 5
IPATRSLLCAALLLLATSRLATGA GRO_MOUSE 2 2
TSKLAVALLAAFLLSAALCEAAVL IL8_SHEEP 2 2
TRQLLNAVLVLLLLLATNHQGTGV MIP2_RAT 5 5
VSATRSLLCAALPVLATSRQATGA GRO_RAT 2 2
TSKLAVAFLAVFLLSAALCEAAVL IL8_PIG 2 2
TSKLAVALLAAFLLSAALCEGAVL IL8_CERTO 2 2
TSKLAVALLAAFVLSAALCEAAVL IL8_CANFA 2 2
TSKLAVALLAAFLLSAALCEAAVL IL8_BOVIN 2 2
TRRLLNAALLLLLLLMATSHQPSG MI2B_RAT 5 5
TSKLAVALLAAFLLSAALCEGAVL IL8_MACMU 2 2
TSKLAVALLAAFLISAALCEGAVL IL8_HUMAN 2 2
NSKLAVALLATFLLSLTLCEAAVL IL8_RABIT 2 2
PSGLLCAVLAMLLLTPSGPLASAS AMC2_PIG 14 14
PKTLRFAPLLLLLLLLVLGTSRRA GRO_CAVPO 6 6
SARPLHALQVLLLLSLLLTALASS PF4L_HUMAN 13 13
PSSSLCALLVLLLLLTQPGPIASA EN78_HUMAN 14 14
PSGSLCALLALLLLLTPPGPLASA GCP2_HUMAN 14 14
SPFMRMAPLAFLLLFTLPQHLAEA LIX_MOUSE 17 17
RSCSSFTLLAFLLLFTLPQHRAQA LIX_RAT 14 14
MNGKLGAVLALLLVSAALSQGRTL EMF1_CHICK 1 1
PSQLRVAVLAAFLLSAVLCEGMVV IL8_CAVPO 2 2
TSSPFPVLQVLLPLSLLLTTLVPA PF4L_PIG 13 13
INTERLEUKIN82 Length of motif = 24 Motif number = 2
Interleukin-8 motif II - 8
PCODE ST INT
APVVNELRCQCLQTLQGIHLKNIQ GRO2_RABIT 32 -1
APVVNELRCQCLQTLQGIHLKNIQ GROB_BOVIN 32 -1
APVANELRCQCLQTMTGVHLKNIQ GRO_CRIGR 29 0
APVVNELRCQCLQTLQGIHLKNIQ GROA_BOVIN 32 -1
APVVNELRCQCLQTVQGIHLKNMQ O46678 31 -1
APLATELRCQCLQTLQGIHLKNIQ MI2A_HUMAN 35 -1
ASVVTELRCQCLQTLQGIHLKNIQ MI2B_HUMAN 35 -1
ASVATELRCQCLQTLQGIHPKNIQ GRO_HUMAN 35 -1
AVVASELRCQCLKTLPRVDFKNIQ MIP2_MOUSE 28 -1
APIANELRCQCLQTMAGIHLKNIQ GRO_MOUSE 25 -1
SRMSTELRCQCIKTHSTPFHPKFI IL8_SHEEP 26 0
VVVASELRCQCLTTLPRVDFKNIQ MIP2_RAT 28 -1
APVANELRCQCLQTVAGIHFKNIQ GRO_RAT 25 -1
ARVSAELRCQCINTHSTPFHPKFI IL8_PIG 26 0
PRSAKELRCLCIKTYSKPFHPKFI IL8_CERTO 26 0
SRVSSELRCQCIKTHSTPFHPKYI IL8_CANFA 26 0
SRMSTELRCQCIKTHSTPFHPKFI IL8_BOVIN 26 0
TVVARELRCQCLKTLPRVDFENIQ MI2B_RAT 29 0
PRSAKELRCECIKTYSKPFHPKFI IL8_MACMU 26 0
PRSAKELRCQCIKTYSKPFHPKFI IL8_HUMAN 26 0
TRIGTELRCQCIKTHSTPFHPKFI IL8_RABIT 26 0
AAVVRELRCMCLTTTPGIHPKMIS AMC2_PIG 44 6
APAASELRCRCLRPVRGLHPKNIQ GRO_CAVPO 32 2
SDLYAELRCMCIKTTSGIHPKNIQ PF4L_HUMAN 55 18
AAVLRELRCVCLQTTQGVHPKMIS EN78_HUMAN 41 3
SAVLTELRCTCLRVTLRVNPKTIG GCP2_HUMAN 41 3
VIAATELRCVCLTVTPKINPKLIA LIX_MOUSE 45 4
AMVATELRCVCLTLAPRINPKMIA LIX_RAT 42 4
VKMGNELRCQCISTHSKFIHPKSI EMF1_CHICK 25 0
TKLVSELRCQCIKIHTTPFHPKFI IL8_CAVPO 26 0
RMAHVELRCLCLNTVSGIHPSNIQ PF4L_PIG 46 9
INTERLEUKIN83 Length of motif = 24 Motif number = 3
Interleukin-8 motif III - 8
PCODE ST INT
QSVKVTTPGPHCDQTEVIASLKTG GRO2_RABIT 55 -1
QSVKVTTPGPHCDQTEVIASLKTG GROB_BOVIN 55 -1
QSLKVTPPGPHCTQTEVIATLKNG GRO_CRIGR 52 -1
QSVKVTTPGPHCDQTEVIASLKTG GROA_BOVIN 55 -1
QSVKVTPPGPHCGQTEVIATLKTG O46678 54 -1
QSVKVKSPGPHCAQTEVIATLKNG MI2A_HUMAN 58 -1
QSVNVRSPGPHCAQTEVIATLKNG MI2B_HUMAN 58 -1
QSVNVKSPGPHCAQTEVIATLKNG GRO_HUMAN 58 -1
QSLSVTPPGPHCAQTEVIATLKGG MIP2_MOUSE 51 -1
QSLKVLPSGPHCTQTEVIATLKNG GRO_MOUSE 48 -1
KELRVIESGPHCENSEIIVKLTNG IL8_SHEEP 50 0
QSLTVTPPGPHCAQTEVIATLKDG MIP2_RAT 51 -1
QSLKVMPPGPHCTQTEVIATLKNG GRO_RAT 48 -1
KELRVIESGPHCENSEIIVKLVNG IL8_PIG 50 0
KELRVIESGPHCVNTEIIVKLSDG IL8_CERTO 50 0
KELRVIDSGPHCENSEIIVKLFNG IL8_CANFA 50 0
KELRVIESGPHCENSEIIVKLTNG IL8_BOVIN 50 0
QSLTVTPPGPHCTQTEVIATLKDG MI2B_RAT 52 -1
KELRVIESGPHCANTEIIVKLSDG IL8_MACMU 50 0
KELRVIESGPHCANTEIIVKLSDG IL8_HUMAN 50 0
KELRVIESGPHCANSEIIVKLVDG IL8_RABIT 50 0
SDLQVIPAGPQCSKAEVIATLKNG AMC2_PIG 67 -1
QSVAVTAPGPHCHQTEVLATLKDG GRO_CAVPO 55 -1
QSLEVIGKGTHCNQVEVIATLKDG PF4L_HUMAN 78 -1
SNLQVFAIGPQCSKVEVVASLKNG EN78_HUMAN 64 -1
GKLQVFPAGPQCSKVEVVASLKNG GCP2_HUMAN 64 -1
ANLEVIPAGPQCPTVEVIAKLKNQ LIX_MOUSE 68 -1
ANLEVIPAGPHCPKVEVIAKLKNQ LIX_RAT 65 -1
QDVKLTPSGPHCKNVEIIATLKDG EMF1_CHICK 49 0
KELKVIESGPRCANSEIIVKLSDN IL8_CAVPO 50 0
QSLEVIRAGAHCAKVEVIATLKND PF4L_PIG 69 -1
INTERLEUKIN84 Length of motif = 24 Motif number = 4
Interleukin-8 motif IV - 8
PCODE ST INT
QEVCLNPTAPVVKKIIDKMLNKAS GRO2_RABIT 79 0
QEVCLNPTAPMVKKIIDKMLNKAS GROB_BOVIN 79 0
QEACLNPEAPMVQKIVQKMLKSGI GRO_CRIGR 76 0
QEVCLNPTAPMVKKIIDKMLNKAS GROA_BOVIN 79 0
QEVCLNPAAPMVKKIIDKMLNQAS O46678 78 0
QKACLNPASPMVKKIIEKMLKNGK MI2A_HUMAN 82 0
KKACLNPASPMVQKIIEKILNKGS MI2B_HUMAN 82 0
RKACLNPASPIVKKIIEKMLNSDK GRO_HUMAN 82 0
QKVCLDPEAPLVQKIIQKILNKGK MIP2_MOUSE 75 0
REACLDPEAPLVQKIVQKMLKGVP GRO_MOUSE 72 0
KEVCLDPKEKWVQKVVQAFLKRAE IL8_SHEEP 74 0
HEVCLNPEAPLVQRIVQKILNKGK MIP2_RAT 75 0
REACLDPEAPMVQKIVQKMLKGVP GRO_RAT 72 0
KEVCLDPKEKWVQKVVQIFLKRTE IL8_PIG 74 0
RELCLDPKEPWVQRVVEKFLKRAE IL8_CERTO 74 0
NEVCLDPKEKWVQKVVQIFLKKAE IL8_CANFA 74 0
NEVCLNPKEKWVQKVVQVFVKRAE IL8_BOVIN 74 0
QEVCLNPQAPRLQKIIQKLLKSPS MI2B_RAT 76 0
RELCLDPKEPWVQRVVEKFVKRAE IL8_MACMU 74 0
RELCLDPKENWVQRVVEKFLKRAE IL8_HUMAN 74 0
RELCLDPKEKWVQKVVQIFLKRAE IL8_RABIT 74 0
KEVCLDPKAPLIKKIVQKMLDSGK AMC2_PIG 91 0
REACLDPEAPMVQKVLQRMLKGSK GRO_CAVPO 79 0
RKICLDPDAPRIKKIVQKKLAGDE PF4L_HUMAN 102 0
KEICLDPEAPFLKKVIQKILDGGN EN78_HUMAN 88 0
KQVCLDPEAPFLKKVIQKILDSGN GCP2_HUMAN 88 0
KEVCLDPEAPVIKKIIQKILGSDK LIX_MOUSE 92 0
DNVCLDPQAPLIKKVIQKILGSEN LIX_RAT 90 1
REVCLDPTAPWVQLIVKALMAKAQ EMF1_CHICK 73 0
RQLCLDPKKKWVQDVVSMFLKRTE IL8_CAVPO 74 0
KKICLDPEAPRIKKIVQKIMEDGG PF4L_PIG 93 0
User query: Display/Full Code "INTERLEUKIN8"